One of the most popular, faulty and dangerous myths espoused in nearly every muscle building program is that you must use a full range of motion on every exercise in order to achieve maximal growth. Supposedly you have to take each movement to the fully stretched position and then finish in the fully “peak” contracted position. If you don’t you will never get huge… or so they say.
Without getting all technical and scientific let’s just look at a few real world examples to see if this advice makes any sense at all.
Starting from the ground up let’s begin with calves. All fat guys have big calves. They walk around all day with a lot of weigh on their calves but never once achieve a full stretch or contraction. It’s simply high loads, tension, volume and frequency. The same can be said for a lot of runners and bikers. And when the Olympics start today you will surely be awestruck by the calf development of the female gymnasts, who do spend a lot of time in the fully contracted position while walking on their toes but no time in the fully stretched position.
And speaking of the Olympics, not only will you notice that many 15 year old female gymnasts (with minimal testosterone levels) have calves bigger than the average guy but they also have thighs bigger than a lot of guys who spend several hours per month on the leg press. Yet, very rarely in their gymnastics training do they achieve a full squat position. There is actually very little, if any, full range of motion training done for their thighs, but they all have completely jacked legs.
Baseball players, rock climbers, mechanics and other manual laborers have huge, muscular forearms. But do you think that development is brought about by these guys consciously trying to achieve a full stretch and contraction throughout their game or work day? Of course not.
Powerlifters have huge legs yet only squat to parallel most of the time. Not a full range of motion movement. They also have huge traps which are mostly due to a lot of heavy deadlifts. There is NO range of motion for the traps on a deadlift. They contract, but don’t actively move from a full stretch position to the peak contraction position.
Not only is the deadlift the best trap building exercise there is, it’s also probably the best overall mass building exercise there is for the entire body. It has been heralded as such since the beginning of time from guys like Paul Anderson to Arnold to Ronnie Coleman. But name me one muscle group that is taken through a full range of motion on the deadlift. There is not a one!
So how can some experts espouse the value of full range of motion training while simultaneously listing the deadlift as one of the top exercises in any muscle building program? Ditto for the clean, clean and press, snatch, jerk, etc.
Not only is this myth incorrect but it can also be dangerous advice to adhere to. Achieving a full range of motion for the pecs would entail bringing your arms all the way behind your back to start the exercise and then crossing them all the way across your body in the front. First of all, that would destroy your shoulder. Second of all, it’s impossible and impractical.
Some guys try to really go for the deep stretch on dumbbell presses and allow their elbows to drop way below the bench. Others drop down into the deepest stretch possible on the dip bars. They have been led to believe that this extreme, loaded pre-stretch is needed for maximal muscle growth. The truth is that they will probably be seeing an orthopedic surgeon long before they get mistaken for Mr. Olympia.
Leg presses are another exercise where guys commonly push the stretch position way too far. If you bury your knees in your chest on a leg press, like many bodybuilders and coaches recommend, and allow your spine to round and your butt to come up off the pad you will surely have back problems that may plague you for quite some time.
Not only is going into the fully stretched position not recommended, but a lot of exercises have no tension whatsoever in the fully contracted position, which therefore makes that recommendation somewhat useless as well. If you want to target your chest and shoulders and not your triceps, most pressing movements should actually be done with a partial range of motion; stopping a few inches shy of lockout. A ¾ range of motion there is more beneficial than a full range. Think Lou Ferrigno doing military presses in Pumping Iron.
There are numerous other exercises where partial ranges of motion are far more effective and safer than full range movements. However, covering them all is beyond the scope of this article.
But hopefully by now you realize what a ridiculous recommendation this full range of motion nonsense truly is and will stop following it blindly without rational thought as soon as possible.
To learn the target range of motion for each and every exercise in your muscle building program and finally maximize your growth potential, avoid inevitable injuries, and uncover more mind blowing myths that you are probably following right now, visit http://www.musclegainingsecrets.com today.










08. Aug, 2008
at 4:10 pm #
Hey Jason,
It’s almost ironic that you sent this article today. Last night I was surfing thru the forum at MGS, and found the link to some videos with clips from Pumping Iron. One of them happened to be the aforementioned Lou Ferrigno doing military presses. When I saw that, it struck me how limited his range of motion seemed to be. One thing that I wanted to see in that particular clip was Arnold doing rows. You had commented in the forum about his stretching in that movement. Could you comment on the different sutuations where one is more beneficial than the other.
Always look forward to and appreciate your writings.
Thanks,
Jack
09. Aug, 2008
at 1:06 am #
Aww man, finally some one who gets it! :-)
GREAT article, should almost print it out and put it besides that leg press thing at the gym. It’s just so painful watching people go, as you say, with their legs up to their chest!
09. Aug, 2008
at 7:20 pm #
Amen Jason! Like you said isn’t it interesting all the people doing partial lifting movements who achieve such tremendous size. I’ve noticed “strong man” lifts such as the farmers walk have added size to my traps, forearms etc… this is of course the furtherest thing from full range of motion…
10. Aug, 2008
at 12:21 pm #
“Powerlifters have huge legs yet only squat to parallel most of the time”.
What sense would it make for a powerlifter to practice a movement at a lesser ROM than what is required in competition (unless they are adressing a weakness in the ROM)?
Efficiency comes from programming motor patterns and improving upon flexibility by repeatedly performing the movement in accordance with competition protocol.
Are you suggesting that a powerlifter throws caution to the wind and squats only beyond parallel in competition?
10. Aug, 2008
at 12:47 pm #
I have to agree with your blog post here. A full range of motion can on some exercises be dangerous. I have had to change up my bench press to a more partial movement because I found that letting the bar kiss my chest put too much strain on my pecs where they attach to the shoulder just as I begin to push it back up. Also, if that portion of the movement is the “weak link”, doesn’t it stand to reason that I should be able to do more weight if I stay out of that portion of the movement? Partial reps on curls can be helpful as well. Working on the top half and bottom half separately may give you better results overall. I believe that leg extensions also can be bad for your knees by allowing them to bend to 90°. When you go to push the weight back up, it is a tremendous strain on the tendons of the knee. A partial rep there is much safer and since you’ll be able to add more weight, would also be more beneficial to do as partial range.
17. Aug, 2008
at 10:28 am #
excellent!!!
10. Jul, 2009
at 7:18 pm #
Jack,
If you are training for maximum hypertrophy you are going to want to include some stretch position movements from time to time. It really depends on the exercise and the situation. My point with this article is that you don’t have to do it all the time and sometimes full ROM is not always optimal.
Some stretch position movements that help elicit a growth response are: overhead triceps, incline curls and pullovers for the lats.
Alex,
That’s painful to watch. Can’t imagine the hurting those guys are gonna be in for in twenty years.
Jack,
So true. There’s nothing wrong with full range of motion, it’s just not the be all, end all of hypertrophy training.
Daniel,
Your response makes no sense at all. It’s as if you didn’t read the article.
Pat,
I agree 100%. The fact of the matter is that if you aren’t training for a bench competition you shouldn’t bench press too often and if you do you should cut the range of motion short.
11. Jul, 2009
at 1:25 pm #
jason,
what about with bench pressing? is touching the chest every rep as important as everyone claims. it winds up hurting my shoulders and i feel i get just as good of a lift with bringing it down to parallel or about the height away the chest is on a pushup. even without weight it doesnt feel natural to get my palms even with my chest. thanks.
12. Jul, 2009
at 8:20 am #
Sean,
This really depends on what your goal is. Are you benching to compete, to bench heavier to impress others, just to get stronger, or simply to build muscle.
If you want to tell someone how much you legitimately bench press the bar must touch your chest. If it doesn’t, it doesn’t count. If you are just using it to move some weight and get jacked then you can stop a couple inches above the chest. But if that is the case I would usually recommend dumbbells instead of a straight bar.
The fact of the matter is that full range of motion bench pressing is quite stressful on the shoulders and if you don’t need to do you probably shouldn’t. At least not too frequently.
08. Aug, 2009
at 12:36 am #
Hi Jason,
Great Article! Packed with useful muscle-building as well as injury-preventing info. Thanks.
I read this an year ago and have read it many a times since then, don’t remember the count ! Its so useful that I’d request you to bring its hyperlink in the Popular Posts menu on the left of homepage (it is indeed a pity it s missing from there).
Kind Regards,
Naveen
07. Sep, 2009
at 3:30 am #
One good article I found on Net is:
http://www.vewdo.com/5_worst_strength_exercises.html
Some of that article might be unrelated to this article but there are similarities also e.g. the lower half of bench press is criticised in both articles.
Also, it would be great if Jason can provide his valuable comments on the article on the above weblink.
Kind Regards,
Naveen
20. Sep, 2009
at 11:23 am #
Hey Jason,
From what you have said here, is it reasonable to assume that since I am more interested in muscular developement I would be better of just using a barbell floor press instead of flat benching whenever I am putting a barbell chest excercise in my program?
Or is barbell floor pressing more of a tricep specific excercise?
Thanks and great article.
11. Dec, 2009
at 2:01 pm #
Hi Jason,
Very good article. If someones goal is to simply build more muscle. Why could’nt they simply perform static contractions of different exercises. I’ve talked to Bill Desimone a little about this. He feels that some range of motion is good (in a safe range) to disperse the force on the joint over a broader area. I not sure if you are familiar with him. He recommends performing lifts in the muscle or muscles biomechanically strongest range. I do understand that if you participate in lifting competitions you would need to perform the lifts through the competition range to develop the skill. Just wanted to get your thoughts on all this.
12. Dec, 2009
at 1:11 pm #
Jason,
This is adding on to what i said in my previous post: I don’t know enough about muscle building or physiology to suggest the exclusive use of static contractions. Your writing about range of motion as it pertains to muscle building definately made me think.
Donnie
28. Jan, 2010
at 5:23 pm #
“Think Lou Ferrigno doing military presses in Pumping Iron.”
Arnold! Arnold! Arnold!
haha
26. Feb, 2010
at 12:22 am #
Hi Jason,
Im from Argentina and I train rugby here two times a week (may be a match in the weekend)
Reading Muscle gaining secrets guide I decide to start with the Intermediate workout. My problem is if I train 4 times a weekand I do rugby two times a week how can I split the workouts? should I train mon, wed, fry doing like ABA, BAB? or should I train the Mond,thu, tue, fry including rugby in thurs and tues (workout and some hours later the rugby training) ? would I overtrain? My food plan is around 4,000 – 5,000 cals a day with a lot of protein.
I need help for that. Thank your attention Jason.
Sorry for my english!!!
Greetings jason!
03. Jan, 2011
at 2:23 pm #
Jason,
This is a wicked good article, and I’d suggest changing the title to “The Full Motion Myth” or something more specific than the current title, to inform more people of the potential dangers of going full-range.
I found out the hard / painful way that going to a fully dropped position while doing weighted dips was overstretching my shoulders… which then led to shoulder pain during bench presses. To continue doing BPs, the solution for me was partials.
It is particularly easy to screw up shoulders while dipping because, unlike other exercises, you can rest in the dropped position, sending way more than body weight through your shoulder while at its end of motion, placing a huge strain on the frontal shoulder tendons.
I’d suggest that anyone with shoulder issues who wants to do bench presses use supports so that the bar never goes below a partial position, e.g. forearms parallel to the floor. Similar for any other exercise – It takes only one rep in bad form, i.e. limbs in an adverse position, to cause an overload injury.
Great plain-language article. Now change the title! :-)
03. Jan, 2011
at 3:06 pm #
Oops, previous post – I meant “upper arms parallel to the floor.”
27. Apr, 2012
at 10:25 am #
Very good message, Randy!